A father of a 5-year-old demeans and curses at his child for disobedience. In turn, when upset, the child uses swear words in kindergarten. A school nurse recognizes this behavior as unsuccessful completion of which stage of development according to Peplau?
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A
Learning to count on others
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B
Learning to delay satisfaction
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C
Identifying oneself
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D
Developing skills in participation
Based on the information given, the response that addresses the question is Identifying oneself.
A. Learning to count on othersB. Learning to delay satisfaction
This could seem tempting if the idea in “Learning to count on othersB. Learning to delay satisfaction” addresses a different mechanism or priority than the one emphasized by the stem The wording does not track the stem’s main cue, so selecting it would shift the nurse away from the most precise interpretation or priority.
C. Identifying oneself
This aligns with the concept that The nurse should identify that the child using swear words in kindergarten has not successfully completed the identifying oneself stage according to Peplaus interpersonal theory. During this stage of early childhood, a child learns to structure self-concept by observing how others interact with him or her. Need: Psychosocial Integrity Developmental theories help the nurse connect present coping and relationship patterns to age-expected tasks, which can inform realistic goals, communication style, and supportive interventions. From a nursing standpoint, this selection guides assessment and interventions toward what is most clinically meaningful in the moment—risk reduction, safety, accurate appraisal, and support for adaptive coping.
D. Developing skills in participation
This might be chosen when the idea in “Developing skills in participation” addresses a different mechanism or priority than the one emphasized by the stem The wording does not track the stem’s main cue, so selecting it would shift the nurse away from the most precise interpretation or priority.
Conclusion
The stem guides you to one central judgment; the correct response is the option that fulfills that judgment directly and conservatively. The alternatives either dilute the focus or assume additional context.