Function of transformer?
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A
Reduce current flow
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B
Inhibit conduction
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C
Charge by proximity
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D
Increase/reduce AC voltage
The function of a transformer is to increase or reduce the voltage of an alternating current.
A transformer operates on the principle of electromagnetic induction. It uses two coils of wire—a primary and a secondary—wrapped around a common core. When an alternating current flows through the primary coil, it creates a changing magnetic field that induces a voltage in the secondary coil. By adjusting the number of turns in each coil, the transformer can step the voltage up or down.
A) Reduce current flow
Reducing current is not the primary function of a transformer. Any change in current occurs as a consequence of changing voltage while conserving power (approximately), according to the relationship P=VIP = VIP=VI.
B) Inhibit conduction
A transformer does not block or inhibit conduction. Instead, it enables efficient transfer of electrical energy between circuits through magnetic coupling.
C) Charge by proximity
Charging by proximity describes electrostatic induction, which is unrelated to how transformers work. Transformers rely on electromagnetic induction, not electrostatic effects.
D) Increase or reduce AC voltage
By having different numbers of turns in the primary and secondary coils, a transformer can either increase (step up) or decrease (step down) the voltage of an alternating current. This is its fundamental and defining function.
Conclusion
Transformers are designed to change the voltage level of alternating current, either increasing or decreasing it as needed for transmission and safe use
Topic Flashcards
Click to FlipWhat fundamental law of physics, discovered by Michael Faraday, is the operating principle behind every transformer?
Electromagnetic Induction. A changing magnetic field in one coil induces a voltage in a nearby coil.
Why is it crucial that a transformer only works with Alternating Current (AC) and not Direct Current (DC)?
A transformer requires a changing magnetic field to induce voltage in the secondary coil. AC current naturally creates this changing field, while steady DC does not.
What is the name of the ratio that determines whether a transformer is a "step-up" or "step-down" transformer, and what is the formula for it?
The turns ratio (N_s / N_p). The voltage transformation follows: V_s / V_p = N_s / N_p, where V is voltage and N is the number of coil turns.
If a transformer steps up the voltage, what must happen to the current (assuming ideal, 100% efficiency) to satisfy the law of conservation of energy?
The current is stepped down proportionally. For an ideal transformer, Power_in = Power_out, so V_p * I_p = V_s * I_s. If V increases, I must decrease.
Beyond changing voltage levels, what is another critical function transformers provide in electrical safety for many devices?
Galvanic Isolation. Since the primary and secondary coils are not electrically connected (only magnetically coupled), they can separate two circuits, protecting users from electric shock.