How is mitosis different from meiosis?

Question

How is mitosis different from meiosis??  
A. Mitosis is the process by which sex cells are formed  
B. Meiosis creates cells with half the chromosomes of the parent cell  
C. Telophase does not take place in mitosis.  
D. Spermatogenesis and oogenesis occur via mitosis.

Accepted Answer

Correct Answer: (B)Meiosis creates cells with half the chromosomes of the parent cell. 
Rationale: Meiosis creates cells with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, whereas mitosis produces daughter cells with the same chromosome number as the parent cell.This difference is fundamental to how the body grows and repairs itself versus how it produces sex cells for sexual reproduction. Mitosis maintains genetic stability in body tissues, while meiosis introduces genetic diversity and reduces chromosome number to form gametes.A) Mitosis is the process by which sex cells are formedMitosis is responsible for producing somatic (body) cells used in growth, tissue repair, and routine cell replacement.Examples include skin cells, blood cells, and cells lining internal organs. These cells must retain the same chromosome number as the original cell to maintain normal body function.Sex cells (sperm and eggs), however, are produced through meiosis, not mitosis. Meiosis is specifically designed to create reproductive cells with half the usual chromosome number so that fertilization restores the normal diploid state.Therefore, this statement is incorrect.B) Meiosis creates cells with half the chromosomes of the parent cellIn meiosis, a diploid cell (2n) undergoes two successive divisions (meiosis I and meiosis II) to produce four haploid cells (n).These haploid cells:Contain half the number of chromosomesAre genetically unique due to crossing over and independent assortmentFunction as gametes (sperm or eggs)In contrast, mitosis produces two genetically identical diploid cells with the same chromosome number as the parent cell.Because this accurately describes the key difference between the two processes, this option is correct.C) Telophase does not take place in mitosisTelophase is a stage of mitosis in which:Chromosomes decondenseNuclear membranes reformThe cell prepares to divide into two daughter cellsTelophase also occurs in meiosis, specifically in telophase I and telophase II.Since telophase is present in both mitosis and meiosis, this statement is false.D) Spermatogenesis and oogenesis occur via mitosisSpermatogenesis (formation of sperm) and oogenesis (formation of eggs) both involve meiosis as their defining division process.While precursor germ cells may undergo mitotic divisions to increase cell numbers early in development, the actual production of gametes requires meiosis to reduce chromosome number and generate genetic variation.Thus, this statement is incorrect.Conclusion:Mitosis and meiosis serve different biological purposes:Mitosis maintains chromosome number and produces identical body cells for growth and repair.Meiosis reduces chromosome number by half and produces genetically unique sex cells for reproduction.Among the options given, only the statement that meiosis creates cells with half the chromosomes of the parent cell correctly distinguishes the two processes.Therefore, the correct answer is that meiosis creates cells with half the chromosomes of the parent cell.

How is mitosis different from meiosis?

A
Mitosis is the process by which sex cells are formed

B
Meiosis creates cells with half the chromosomes of the parent cell

C
Telophase does not take place in mitosis.

D
Spermatogenesis and oogenesis occur via mitosis.

Meiosis creates cells with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, whereas mitosis produces daughter cells with the same chromosome number as the parent cell.

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How is mitosis different from meiosis?

A Mitosis is the process by which sex cells are formed B Meiosis creates cells with half the chromosomes of the parent cell C Telophase does not take place in mitosis. D Spermatogenesis and oogenesis occur via mitosis.

Meiosis creates cells with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, whereas mitosis produces daughter cells with the same chromosome number as the parent cell.

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Related Questions

A
Mitosis is the process by which sex cells are formed

B
Meiosis creates cells with half the chromosomes of the parent cell

C
Telophase does not take place in mitosis.

D
Spermatogenesis and oogenesis occur via mitosis.