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Attempts 127

Which is a secondary defense for the body against pathogens?

  1. A
    Tears
  2. B
    Urine
  3. C
    Inflammation
  4. D
    Mucus

Topic Flashcards

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Question

What distinguishes secondary defenses from first-line defenses?

Answer

Secondary defenses (e.g., inflammation) are activated responses involving immune cells; first-line defenses (tears, mucus, urine) are passive barriers.

Question

What is the main role of inflammation as a secondary defense?

Answer

Limits pathogen spread, removes debris, and recruits immune cells by increasing blood flow, swelling, heat, and pain.

Question

Why are tears considered a first-line defense rather than secondary?

Answer

Tears contain lysozyme and other antimicrobial chemicals that kill pathogens on the eye surface before they invade.

Question

How does mucus act as a primary defense against pathogens?

Answer

Traps microbes in sticky mucus in respiratory and digestive tracts; cilia and coughing/swallowing remove them.

Question

Which defense mechanism involves redness, swelling, heat, and pain?

Answer

Inflammation. Classic signs of the secondary innate response to tissue damage or infection.

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Is inflammation considered a secondary defense against pathogens?
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