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The specific heat capacity of tin is 0.217 J/(g°C). Which material would require about twice as much heat as tin to raise a sample by 1°C?

  1. A
    Copper [0.3844 J/(g°C)]
  2. B
    Iron [0.449 J/(g°C)]
  3. C
    Gold [0.1291 J/(g°C)]
  4. D
    Aluminum [0.904 J/(g°C)]

Topic Flashcards

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Question

Define specific heat capacity and state its standard SI units.

Answer

Specific heat capacity (c) is the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius (or 1 Kelvin). Its units are J/(g·°C) or equivalently J/(g·K).

Question

How much heat energy is required to raise the temperature of a 50 g sample of tin by 10°C? (Use c_tin = 0.217 J/(g·°C))

Answer

Q = m * c * ΔT = 50 g * 0.217 J/(g·°C) * 10°C = 108.5 J.

Question

If you have equal masses of tin and aluminum at the same temperature and add the same amount of heat to each, which material will have a higher final temperature, and why?

Answer

Tin will have a higher final temperature. Since tin has a lower specific heat capacity (0.217 vs. 0.904 J/(g·°C)), the same amount of heat will cause a larger temperature increase (ΔT = Q/(m*c)).

Question

Based on the given values, the specific heat of aluminum (0.904 J/(g·°C)) is about 4.17 times that of tin. How many times more heat would aluminum require to raise an equal mass by the same temperature?

Answer

It requires about 4.17 times more heat. This is because Q ∝ c when m and ΔT are fixed. (0.904 / 0.217 ≈ 4.17).

Question

Explain a practical consequence of aluminum's high specific heat capacity compared to iron, using the idea of heating or cooling rates.

Answer

An aluminum pot heats up more slowly than an iron pot of the same mass on the same stove because it requires more energy input per degree of temperature increase. Conversely, it also cools down more slowly, retaining heat longer.

Mini Quiz

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Does the specific heat capacity of a material depend on the mass of the sample?

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